Skid Framing and Multiwheel Lifting Analysis Boatlanding and Conductors Frame Jacket Temporary Support PHE Jacket PHE Jacket Erection CPP2 Jacket PHE Jacket Weighing CPP2 Jacket Weighing To accommodate fabrication, Construction Engineering Dept. Such documents will also be issued to QC Dept.
Main components such as design drawing from Engineering Company, fabrication and erection area plan, manpower plan, material arrival, NDE plan, weld map, inspection and test plan, tools, equipment, and consumables shall also be controlled prior the work execution and during the execution to allow schedule leveling.
Fabrication activity will be carried out inside shop area, as much as possible, and in open area where detail of location as guided by yard layout which will be updated and issued monthly.
Regular briefing will be conducted to make sure that fabrication and erection works performed in accordance with the approved procedure and in a safe manner. Specific risk assessment will be developed on the above listed detail procedure as guidance during safety toolbox. This will only cover major points of the activities while the detailed point shall be described in separate document.
The following shall be done prior to fabrication activity: 1. Site clearance on area at jetty-2, also between Jetty-1 and Jetty-2 area 2. Prepare temporary support at assembly area for PHE and PHE 24 panel levels to support the framing and nodes on area between jetty-1 and jetty Do the same for jetty-2 area as it will be used to assembly CPP2 Jacket.
Make the grid lines at top of stools T beam to identify centre point of stools or nodes. Preparation design skid frame and cross beam 5. Material Issuance Raw material to be issued as per issued tickets prepared by fabrication based on the approved shop drawing, cutting instruction, and fabrication priority.
Flowchart of material issuance 5. Tag Numbering All of structure components, pieces or members will be marked with a unique tag number as specified on the shop drawing. However, the tag number will not be applied for small pieces where tag number area is too small e. Instead, those pieces shall be put inside identified boxes or on pallets.
The numbering systems are expected to be as tracing tool to which module a component belongs. Blasting and Painting Raw material that dedicate until topcoat will be shop primer at automatic blasting chamber prior to process cutting.
All detail activity of blasting and painting procedure will be issued later. Dimensional Control During fabrication process, all material shall undergo dimensional control check to make sure that all the structure have correct dimension.
Scaffolding Erection and Dismantling Scaffolding will be used to accommodate personal work at high for safe and comfort. Specified scaffolding procedure will issued later. Boat Landing Trial Fit Trial Fit shall be done to check wether the boat landing can be fitted correctly or not. This support shall be used to transfer load from Jacket. The maximum reaction forces on each Jacket leg from all cases of Jacket Loadout Analysis and Jacket Transportation Analysis will become the basis for this support design.
Load-Out Load-Out Shall be done after erection is complete. Lifting Analysis Lifting analysis will be presented and provided in lifting procedure. Any crane used for mobilizing material and erection process shall have valid certificate that was issued by : - Disnaker for onshore yard.
Transfer materials to workshop 5 3. Marking as per shop drawing for tubular, plate for padeye and all miscellaneous members. Fabrication Supervisor and QC coordinator shall check all related dimension. Tag number transferring. Cut and profile as per shop drawing for tubular, plate for padeye and all miscellaneous members.
Fabrication as per shop drawing for tubular, plate for padeye and all miscellaneous members. Fabrication Supervisor and QC coordinator shall verify all related dimension after welding. Perform NDE Both of these processes are subject to CPY review and approval. Transfer fabrication materials after passing NDE clearance to dedicated Erection area. All jacket legs related with splash zone area will be final coated after all main jacket legs erection. Fabrication Supervisor and QC coordinator shall check all related dimension 9.
Both of these processes are subject to CPY approval. Transfer selected material to workshop 5. Fabricate stabbing guide cone and diaphragm plate for jacket legs. Fit up pipe to top cone and weld out. Install diaphragm to jacket leg. Install stabbing guide cone to jacket leg. Boat landing and Conductors Frame 1. Transfer materials to workshop 2.
Marking as per shop drawing for tubular, conductors guide, anode supports and all miscellaneous members. Cut and profile as per shop drawing for tubular, conductors guide, anode supports and all miscellaneous members. Fabrication as per shop drawing for tubular, conductors guide, anode supports and all miscellaneous members. Perform NDE. Transfer fabrication materials after passing NDE clearance to dedicated preassemble area. Transfer selected material from storage area to padeye fabrication area at open area.
Cut and profile plate for padeye, cheek plate, spacer etc. Fit-up the items following latest shop drawing. Make the line boring 5. Use a suitable pin and shackle 6. Weldout 7. On the other hand, as the graph becomes larger with nodes and edges, it gets more difficult to understand the overall representation of the network Yassine A. The DSM tool overcomes this shortfall. Uma Maheswari, Figure 2. Then in the next year, the first design structure matrix that is used as a network representation was introduced by Don Steward where he explained how design tasks interact with each other.
Later on, in the s, this method caught the attention of large number of design developers and became widespread. MIT researchers applied DSM since the s in their research work on product and system development. Eppinger et al. From what have been learnt, engineering is a repeatable process and it is not always a matter of developing something new like people always.
If we can capture the repeatable process thus we can improvise it to achieve a better result. Thus, the problem happens stemming when complex processes which involves interdependent feedback and iteration in designing and fabricating process. Various method uses in project management could not allow feedback and iteration of engineering work.
But, there are a branch of graph theory that had long used square precedence matrices to depict relationships among nodes in graph. However, by creating the DSM method by first applying square-matrix format to represent a network of design variable or design task interactions had given him the primary credit.
The technique was derived from methods used to sequence large systems of equations in order to solve them in minimal iteration. DSM represents in matrix form provides a compactness, easy to scale and intuitive to read. DSM also offers conciseness of the structure arrangement and provides compact through interactions compare to other method. MIT then applied the DSM in complex systems industries such as automotive, electronics and aerospace industries in the s.
The extension provided a means for giving preference in the matrix manipulation to stronger dependencies over weaker ones.
They used this method to recommend reorganizing a complex design process to improve product development time. Table 2. Referring to Figure 2. Components within a cluster have many strong interactions intra-group interactions. Components among three clusters have relatively few interactions inter- group interactions. For instance, there exists strong interactions among components of front-end air cluster while there exists few interactions between components of cluster front-end air and cluster refrigerant.
They suggested reorganization of the systems teams to optimize exchange of information. Pimmler and Eppinger extended this work by presenting a methodology for the analysis of product design decompositions.
They also identified four important types of interactions between elements in a component DSM and provided a method for quantifying the strength of these interactions. Spatial interaction — identifies need for adjacency or orientation between elements; ii. Energy interaction — identifies needs for energy transfer; iii. Information interaction — identifies need for information or signal exchange between the two elements; iv.
Material interaction — identifies need for materials exchange between elements. Eppinger and Salminen extended earlier works by using DSM to understand patterns in the complexity of product development from three views: a process view, a product view and an organizational view.
Their DSM application is reviewed by Browning and the development is continued by other researcher, Vieira and Richardson , where they take a more practical approach by defining a method for analyzing software component dependencies. Furthermore advantages of DSM include also compact format, visual nature, intuitive representation, powerful analytical capacity, and flexibility. His research shows that DSM can minimize feedback within the design process. The problem that overlapped while planning and scheduling using DSM has become an issue.
Krishnan et al. Researchers at MIT have addressed the types of overlapping from a different viewpoint. A model-based framework has been used to overlap product development activities. Simon Austin and Andrew Baldwin et. Paper published review analytical design planning technique ADePT a dependency structure matrix tool to schedule the building design process.
Indra Gunawan and Kamarul Ahsan used DSM approach to solve the problem to address interdependency activities in terms of feedback and iteration since traditional tool such as CPM and PERT do not work to address interdependency activities in terms of feedback and iteration. DSM used to represent the dependencies and show the sequence of activity that would be performed. In additional they use DSM to account for feedback and iteration.
According to V. Paul Christopher Charlesraj, J. Uma Maheswari, Satyanarayana N. Kalidindi and Koshy Varghese , Dependency Structure Matrix DSM is a powerful tool for modeling information flow and planning alternate sequences successfully elaborated in implementation procedure for modelling construction projects. The critical inputs such as Criticality of assumption, Information Change Occurrence and Information Change Propagation for the estimation of rework duration of a project using DSM have been identified.
Tyson R. DSM was used as tools to highlight potential iterations and visual representation of process. His research succeeded by helping in managing some of the cycle time reduction challenges. Partitioning DSM process which minimizes the amount of iteration iteration within the process. This method used to identify the relationship of the activities which involved independent, dependent and interdependent.
While, partitioning method use to highlight the interdependency activities and identify the looping activities. Haziyah Afiqah and J. Partitioning DSM process which minimize the amount of iteration iteration within the process. As a result, reducing probability of iteration affect to the time reduction to complete the project. Her successful scheduling using DSM decreased the number of iteration and time of the whole project. In comparison, fabrication time of the Electric House planned by using Microsoft Project is days.
But, required fabrication time have been reduced to days by using the Dependency Structure Matrix Model. Firdaus Ismail and J. He had successfully proved that DSM approach is more efficient for the planning process of FPSO compared to the traditional management tools such as CPM and PERT when the time taken calculated for the project to be completed had been reduced by seven days.
Dependency Structure Matrix DSM has been identified as a potential tool to model interdependent activities or loops , to identify suitable assumptions, formulate and evaluate the resulting sequence.
Enhanced review effectiveness High degree of dependency between the modules 2. Improved quality delivered to downstream phases Poor downstream quality in previous releases 3. Faster turnaround for design, change request Anticipated Schedule crunch in analysis and implementation integration and system testing 5. Value threads used for iteration planning, prioritization and alignment across the team 6. Optimal planning and team ramp-up.
Implemented and tested components with more complexity early 7. Streamlined work allocation and distribution; Identifying collocation and distribution, task assignments per complexity Table 2. This include the process flow chart from data input, data processing to the data output.
The step and tools in each process are explained in details. Theory of DSM has been used in systems engineering and project management to model the structure of complex systems or processes, in order to perform system analysis, project planning and organization design. Thus, DSM theory will be used significantly in this research methodology. Any related topic regarding this research is pointed out and bookmarked. All of the info then were put into the literature review part of this research.
The first literature review is on Jacket Platform and structure. After that, the review on Dependency Structure Matrix DSM is carried out where this is the most important part of this research. This research focus on planning of jacket platform fabrication. The most important part is the step of analyzing the real data in the sequence of jacket platform fabrication. All necessary data need to be collected and analyze before the simulation of the project planning can be carried out.
After that, the result of new development is compared to the current conventional management tool such as Critical Path Method CPM. The overall thesis is written at the end of this process. An established database is planned so there will be a guidance while planning of jacket platform by using DSM model. Many journals have been reviewed to provide data on jacket platform and DSM theory.
But in this research, discussion regarding DSM theory will be prioritize and focused on. There are problems regarding facts in the internet is that, certain references on the internet are published for temporary period and some websites required payment to access.
The data are used for the analysis. Gathering a lot of inputs starting from collection of project specifications and requirements to the scope of the work. The list of activities and duration is defined. After this stage, the information predecessors are decided and the activity DSM is drawn. Basic theory included the introduction of the previous theory and research theory, how to use the theory, the power of the theory, weaknesses and their application.
The CPM is ideally suited to projects consisting of numerous activities that interact in a complex manner. Navy in the s to manage the Polaris submarine missile program.
A similar methodology, the Critical Path Method CPM was developed for project management in the private sector at about the same time. Figure 4. Crashing concept Not applicable Applicable Table 4. This method also able to estimate duration for project completion from start till the end of the project. In addition, this method able to identify activities which are critical that directly impact the completion time.
Therefore, development of this method produces computational aid with the Microsoft Project software. Both only allow the modelling of dependent sequence and independent parallel but fail to address the interdependency feedback and iteration. In addition, they also not address the problem that stemming from the complexity. This method difficult to reschedule because of repetition procedure and iteration of the complex project.
In addition, these techniques have weakness in sequencing, displaying and controlling the development process, especially when dealing with iteration. Moreover, these techniques also only allow one-way progression along paths, ignoring feedback and iteration.
It is designed to assist a project manager in developing a plan, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads. It also helps to create the project plan and assistance in tracking the project to its completion.
As a management tool, DSM most commonly applied in project management, and it provides a project representation that allows for feedback and cyclic task dependencies.
This is extremely important since most engineering applications exhibit such a cyclic property. As such, this representation often results in an improved and more realistic execution schedule for the corresponding design activities. Referring to Figure 4. On the other hand an X in the upper half denotes feedback in which information from a subsequent activity may force rework of a prior activity.
This is defined as coupled or interdependent activities. Activity B, for instance, needs information from activity D, which is completed after B. Executing B requires making a guess about, or assuming the missing information from, activity D.
When complete and accurate information from activity D is finally available, rework of activity B may be necessary leading to increases in cost and time Steven D. Eppinger, The different types of activities are shown in Figure 4. Otherwise, the value of the element is zero or left empty. In the binary matrix representation of a system, the diagonal elements of the matrix do not have any interpretation in describing the system, so they are usually either left empty or blacked out Mark along the column gives information to and mark along the rows means needs information from.
Binary matrices for system modelling are useful in systems modelling because they can represent the presence or absence of a relationship between pairs of elements of a system. A major advantage of the matrix representation is the ability to provide a systematic mapping among system elements that is clear and easy to read regardless of size.
Refer to row task 1. Task 1 provides information to task 2 and task 5 which mean when task 1 is completed at certain times, flow proceeds to task 2 and task 5 which is dependent upon task 1 but not related to each other therefore the process can flow in parallel form. There are some cases where marks appear in the lower- triangular region of DSM.
Task 1 will have to make assumption about the information it needs from task 3. Iteration may occur before task 3 has begun and task 1 is rework. Thus, in the coupled system, the flow of influence or information is intertwined: task 1 influences task 3 and task 3 influences task 1.
This would occur if task 1 could not be determined with certainty without first knowing task 3 and task 3 could not be determined without knowing task 1. This cyclic dependency is called "Circuits" or "Information Cycles". Dependent relationship can be seen in task 3 to task 6 where after completing both task 3 and task 4, then task 6 can be proceed till finish.
Mark at the lower- triangular reveal the chance of having iteration, which could have given impact on cost and schedule.
In order to reduce the impact, bring the marks to the above or close to the diagonal which called partitioning analysis. Table 4. Project planning became more challenging when all the dependency relationship and more interdependency activities involved.
DSM is a powerful management tool because this matrix can account feedback and iteration where it is most compact. The matrix contains a list of all constituent activities and the corresponding information exchange patterns that is required for analysis further. This research used the partitioning technique in analyzing the DSM.
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